World+of+Islam

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Terms: Quran: The holy book of the religion of Islam. Contains the ethical guidelines an dlaws by which the followers of Allah are to live. Shiite: Accept only the descendants of Ali as the true rulers of Islam Sunni: Did not all agree with Umayyad rule but accepted the Umayyads as rulers Vizier: prime minister that advised the caliph Astrolabe: an instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the positions of stars and planets.

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Important People: Muhammad: considered a prophet, similar to Moses Mu'awiyah: the governor of Syria and one of Ali's chief rivals Allah: Arabic for "God" Supreme God Abu Bakr: wealthy merchand and Muhammad's fatherin law Hussein: second son of Ali, son in law of Muhammas

In 570, Muhammad was born in Makkah to a merchant family. At the age of five he became an orphan and grew up to be a caravan manager and marrie a rich widow named Khadija. Khadija was his employer. Eventually Muhammad became troubled by what he saw as honesty and people being generous. He started to regularely visit the hills to meditate.

There were several important battles in Ancient Islam. In 732 BC, the Battle of Tours happened in France. Charles Martel stoped the speard of islam into wester europe during this battle. At the battle of Manzikert in 1071 AD the Turks defeated the Byzantine Arm. The Crusades was a series of 4 wars that lasted from 1096-1212 this was against the Christian Knighs and Muslim Warriors.

The teachings of Islam are very important to Muslims. The teachings consist of 5 pillars. The first pillar was there is no God but Allah and Muhammed is his prophet. The second pillar is you must pray five times a day facing Mecca, the holy city of islam. While Muslims prayed they said the words God is Great! The holy day for muslims is Friday. The third pillar is Give Alms to the needy, or Zakat. Nexy, muslims are to fast during teh holy month called Ramadan. The last pillar is pilgrimage to Mecca, or the Hajj which muslims should do onece during their lifetime.

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